<> = 选择填空 = 1. 在每个C++程序中都必须包含一个函数，这个函数的名字为（ ）。 1. x和y都是bool型变量，表达式x&&y为true的条件是（）。 1. 下面哪一个关键字不能作为函数的返回类型？A.void B.int C.new D.long 1. a是一个整型数组的名字，则元素a[4]的地址为（）。A.a+4 B.a+8 C.a+16 D.a+32 1. 假定AB是一个类，执行语句AB a(4), b[3], *p[2];调用AB类的构造函数的次数为（）。 1. 在32位计算机上，int型的变量在内存中一般占（）个字节。 1. 若定义int m = 5, y = 2;，则表达式y+=y-=m*=y后的值是（）。 1. x>=3||x<-5的非，不用操作符!实现，可以表示为（）。 1. 执行int m = 5; do{ cout << '*'; m--; }while(m+3>0);将输出（）个*号。 1. 已知数组a定义为int a[][5]={ {1},{2},{3} };则数组a共有（）元素。 1. 已知数组a定义为int a[5] ={78,80,93,100,65};，并且已知sizeof(int)的值是4，设数组a的首地址是2000H，那么第三个元素93的地址为（）。 1. 已知数组a定义为char a[]="good morning";，请写出strstr(a,"mo")的值为（）。 1. C++语言起源于（）语言，并在其基础上增加了面向对象的特性。 1. 定义常值变量的修饰符是（） 1. {{{for(int i = 0, j = 10; i = j = 10; i++, j++)}}}这个循环的循环次数是（）次 1. 已知数组a的定义为int a[5]={10,20,30};，当有sizeof(int)值为4时，数组a占用了（）字节。 1. 已知一个函数的定义是：double Area(double r) { return 3.14*r*r; }，则该函数的原型是（）。 1. 访问指针变量所指向的数据应该用操作符（）。 1. 一个联合对象所占用的存储空间的大小为（）。 1. 当对象调用成员函数时，除了将实参传递给成员函数中显式说明的形参外，还同时把对象的地址传送给成员函数中默认的指针参数（）中。 1. 要使用setw流控制符，需要包含的头文件是（）。 1. 下列符号中，可以作为C++标识符的是（）：A.6str B.sp_str C.who? D.switch 1. 有定义int p, q;下列语句不正确的是：A. p*=3; B. p/=q; C.p+=3; D. p&&=q; = 找出以下程序中的语法错误，并作出解释。 = 1. {{{#!cplusplus #include int main() { const int size; size = 10; int a[size]; int *p1 = new int[size]; int *p2 = malloc(sizeof(int)* size); int *p3 = new int(size); for(int i = 0; i < size; i++) { a[i] = i; p1[i] = a[i] * i; p2[i] = p1[i] * i; p3[i] = p2[i] * i; } int sum; for(int i = 0; i < size; i++) sum += a[i] + p1[i] + p2[i] + p3[i]; cout << sum; delete p1; delete [] p2; delete p3; } }}} 1. {{{#!cplusplus #include using namespace std; class N { static int n = 0; int i; public: void N() : i(0) { } void N(int a = 0) : i (a) { } void N(int a = 0, int b) : i(a), n(b) { } int get() const { return i++; } void set(int a) { i = a;} void print() const { cout << get() << endl;} static int getn() const { return n; } static void setn(int a) { n = a; i++; } } int main() { cout << N::n << endl; cout << N::getn() << endl; cout << get() << endl; cout << N::get() << endl; cout << N::setn(10) << endl; N *p = new N(5); N n(); n.set(10); n.setn(11); p.set(5); delete p; } }}} 1. {{{#!cplusplus #include #include using namespace std; class S { public: S(int a0) { cout << a0 << endl; } S(double a0, int b0) : d(a0), b(b0){ cout << a0 << b0 << endl; } S(char *p0) : d(a), b(2) { cout << p << endl;} S(int &a0) : a(0), b(1), c("abc"), d(a0), p(new int) { } private: int a; const int b; string c; int &d; int *p; }; int main() { S a(1); S b; S c(0.0, 1); S d("hello"); S e(true); S f(a); e = a; } }}} 1. {{{#!cplusplus #include #include using namespace std; class Person{ public: Person(string name) : name_ (name) { } virtual void print() const = 0 { cout << name_; } virtual bool compare(Person p) const { return p.name_ == name_; } protected: string name_; }; class Student : public Person { Student(string name, string id) { name_ = name; id_ = id; } Student(Person p, string id) { name_ = p.name_; id_ = id;} bool compare(Student s) const { return s.name_==name_ && s.id_ == id_; } void print() { cout << name_ << id_ << endl; } private: string id_; }; int main() { Person p("Mike"); Student s("jack", "12345"); Student t(p, "23424"); cout << s.compare(t); cout << p.compare(t); cout << s.compare(p); s.print(); s.Person::print(); } }}} 1. {{{#!cplusplus class Integer{ public: Integer(int a = 0) : i(a) {} Integer operator+(int a, int b) { return a + b;} Integer operator-() { return -i; } Integer operator+() { return i; } Integer operator++() { return ++i; } Integer operator++(int) { return i++; } bool operator<>(int a) { return i != a; } private: int i; }; void operator>>(ostream &os, Integer i) { os << i; } istream & operator<<(istream &is, Integer i) { is >> i.i; return is; } Integer operator-(Integer a, Integer b) { return a.i - b.i; } int main() { Integer i(-1); Integer j; cin >> j; i = -i; i = i - j; i = i + 10; cout << i; } }}} = 读程序，写出程序运行的结果 = 1. {{{#!cplusplus #include using namespace std; int inc( int &a) { return ++a; } int dec( int a) { return --a; } int main() { int b = 10; cout << inc(b) << endl; cout << dec(b) << endl; cout << inc(b) << endl; } }}} 1. {{{#!cplusplus #include #include using namespace std; int f( string a ); int f( int b , int c = 1); int f( bool b); int main() { string s = ""; cout << f(s) << endl; cout << f('\060') << endl; cout << f(1, 2) << endl; cout << f(false) << endl; cout << f(0) << endl; } int f( string a) { return a.length(); } int f( int b, int c) { return b * c + b + c + 1; } int f(bool b) { return b?1:-1; } }}} 1. {{{#!cplusplus #include using namespace std; class Z { public: Z(int i) : id(i) { cout << id << " created" << endl; } ~Z() { cout << id << " destroyed" << endl; } Z(Z &z) : id(z.id) { cout << id << " created a copy" << endl; } private: int id; }; Z z(0); int main() { cout << "main start" << endl; Z z1(1); Z z2(2); Z *z3 = new Z(3); Z z4(z1); } }}} 1. {{{#!cplusplus #include using namespace std; class X { public: X(int a) : x(a) { cout << "create X:" << x << endl; } ~X() { cout << "destroy X:"<< x << endl; } private: int x; }; class Y : public X{ public: Y() : x(1), X(2) { cout << "create Y" << endl; } ~Y() { cout << "destroy Y" << endl; } private: X x; }; int main() { X x(5); Y y; } }}} 1. {{{#!cplusplus #include using namespace std; class B{ public: virtual void f() { cout << "B::f() "; } void g() { cout << "B::g() "; } virtual void h() { f(); } }; class D : public B { public: void f() { cout << "D::f() "; } void g() { cout << "D::g() "; } }; int main() { B b; b.f(); b.g(); b.h(); cout << endl; B *p = &b; p->f(); p->g(); p->h(); cout << endl; p = new D; p->f(); p->g(); p->h(); cout << endl; B &r = *p; r.f(); r.g(); r.h(); cout << endl; delete p; } }}} 1. {{{#!cplusplus #include using namespace std; class B{ public: B () { cout << "create B" << endl; } virtual ~B() { cout << "destroy B" << endl; } virtual void f() { cout << "B::f()" << endl; } virtual void f(int a) { cout << "B::f(int)" << endl; } }; class D : public B { public: D() { cout << "create D" << endl; } virtual ~D() { cout << "destroy D" << endl; } virtual void f() { cout << "D::f()" << endl; } virtual void f(bool a) { cout << "D::f(bool)" << endl; } }; int main() { B *p = new B; p->f(); p->f(0); delete p; p = new D; p->f(); p->f(0); delete p; D *d = new D; d->f(); d->f(0); delete d; } }}} 1. {{{#!cplusplus #include using namespace std; class D { public: D() { cout << "D created" << endl; } D(D&) { cout << "D created a copy" << endl; } ~D() { cout << "D destroyed" << endl; } D& operator=(D&) { cout << "D assigned" << endl; return *this; } void operator++() { cout << "operator++" << endl; } void operator++(int) { cout << "operator++ with int" << endl; } }; int main() { D d1; D d2(d1); d1 = d2; ++d1; d2++; } }}} = 程序填空题 = 1. 输入一组数，求它们的总和。以EOF标志输入的结束。{{{ #include using namespace std; int main(){ int i, sum = 0; while(①____________) sum += i; cout << sum; } }}} 1. 按照右对齐输出一组数{{{ #include #include using namespace std; int main() { int n; cin >> n; for(int i = 0;i < n; i++) { for(int j = 0; j <= i; j++) ②_____________________ cout << endl; } } }}}输入5，输出：{{{ 1 2 4 3 6 9 4 8 12 16 5 10 15 20 25 }}} 1. 交换两个参数的函数{{{ void swap(③_______________) { int temp = a; a = b; b = temp; } }}} 1. 打印时间的函数{{{ #include using namespace std; void print_clock(④__________________________) { cout << hour << ":" << minute << ":" << second; } int main(){ print_clock(10, 20, 30); // output: 10:20:30 print_clock(10, 20); // output: 10:20:0 print_clock(10); // output: 10:0:0 print_clock(); // output: 0:0:0 } }}} 1. 打印参数的类型{{{ #include using namespace std; void print_type(⑤___________) { cout << "int type" << endl; } void print_type(⑥___________) { cout << "char type" << endl; } int main() { print_type(20); // output: int type print_type("hello world"); //output: char type } }}} 1. 日期对象的创建{{{ class Date{ int year, month, day; public: ⑦__________________________________ { } void display() { cout << year <<"-" << month <<"-"<count; //output: 1 delete t; cout << Task::count; //output: 0 } }}} 1. 数组{{{ class Array{ int *data; public: Array(int n) { data = new int[n]; } ⑨_____________________ { delete [] data; //free memory when object destroyed } }; }}} 1. 字符串求较大者{{{ #include using namespace std; int main() { ⑩______________ cin >> str1 >> str2; cout << "The bigger string is "<< (str1>str2?str1:str2); } }}} 1. cin和cout{{{ #include ⑪___________________ { int cin = 0; int &cout = cin; } int main() { std::cin >> czk::cin; std::cout<< czk::cout; } }}} = 编程题，按要求编写程序 = 1. 实现字符串类string，声明如下{{{#!cplusplus class string { public: string(const char *str = ""); // 普通构造函数 string(const string &other); // 拷贝构造函数 ~string(); // 析构函数 string & operator = (const string &other); // 赋值函数 bool operator==(const string &s); bool operator!=(const string &s); bool operator<(const string &s); bool operator>(const string &s); bool operator<=(const string &s); bool operator>=(const string &s); string operator +(const string &s); //连接 string operator +=(const string &s); int length() const; bool empty() const; char* c_str() { return m_data; } private: char *m_data; // 用于保存字符串 }; ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const string &s); istream &operator>>(istream &is, string &s); }}} 1. 实现完整的复数运算，复数类的声明如下：{{{#!cplusplus class complex { public: complex(double r = 0.0, double i= 0.0); complex operator+(); complex operator-(); complex operator+=(complex); complex operator-=(complex); complex operator*=(complex); bool operator!(); //非0返回假，0返回真 double abs(); //取模 double arg(); //取角度 complex conj(); //共轭 double &real(); //实部 double &imag(); //虚部 private: double real_, imag_; }; ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, complex); istream &operator>>(istream &is, complex &); complex operator+(complex a, complex b); complex operator*(complex a, complex b); complex operator-(complex a, complex b); complex operator==(complex a, complex b); complex operator!=(complex a, complex b); }}} 1. 实现Stack类，提供push（把一个元素放入栈中），pop（把栈中最后一个元素删去），top（取栈中最后一个元素）。请实现Stack类，使其能够得到正确的运行结果。{{{#!cplusplus #include using namespace std; int main() { Stack s1(5); for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++) s1.push(i); Stack s2(s1); while(s1.size() > 0) { cout << s1.top() << endl; s1.pop(); } s1 = s2; for(int i = 3; i < 5; i++) s1.push(i); while(s1.size() > 0) { cout << s1.top() << endl; s1.pop(); } } }}} 1. 实现队列Queue类，提供enqueue（把一个元素放在队列的末尾中），dequeue（把队列中第一个元素删去），front（取队列中第一个元素的值），back（取队列最后一个元素的值）。请实现Queue类，使其能够得到正确的运行结果。{{{#!cplusplus #include using namespace std; int main() { Queue s1(5); for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++) s1.enqueue(i); Queue s2(s1); while(s1.size() > 0) { cout << s1.front() << endl; s1.dequeue(); } s1 = s2; for(int i = 3; i < 5; i++) s1.enqueue(i); while(s1.size() > 0) { cout << s1.front() << endl; s1.dequeue(); } } }}} 1. 财务软件。Account为账户，Account''''''List为账户的集合，两个类的声明如下，请给出这两个类的实现。{{{#!cplusplus class Account { public: Account(string name, int type, double amount); string &name(); int &type(); double &amount(); private: string name_; int type_; double amount_; }; class AccountList { public: AccountList(int capacity); void AddAccount(Account account); void RemoveAccount(string name); int Find(string name); Account &At(int i); private: int capacity_; int size_; Account *accounts; }; }}} 1. 学校的人事关系。学校里面有四类人：人（Person），学生（Student），教师（Teacher），助教（Assistant）。其中助教是一类特殊的人，他们是教师，同时也是学生。请完成以下程序，使之能得到正确运行结果。{{{#!cplusplus #include #include using namespace std; int main() { Person *p[4]; p[0] = new Person("jack"); p[1] = new Student("rose", "12345"); p[2] = new Teacher("czk", "lecturer"); p[3] = new Assistant("oldbig", "23456", "assistant"); for(int i= 0; i < 4; i++) { p[i] -> print(); cout << endl; } } }}} 1. 声明一个Shape抽象类，在此基础上派生出Rectangle类（矩形）和Circle类（圆），二者都有Get''''''Area()函数计算对象的面积，请按下面的要求给出Shape类、Rectangle类、Circle类的实现：Rectangle类有Width宽度，Height高度属性；Circle类有Radius半径属性；Rectangle类和Circle类的构造函数用以初始化上述参数；每个类都有Get''''''Area函数，用以计算此形状的面积；主函数（如下）已经写好，对Rectangle、Circle类进行测试，使它们以统一的操作界面输出面积。{{{#!cplusplus #include using namespace std; int main() { Shape *shapes[5]; shape[0] = new Rectangle(1.0, 2.0); shape[1] = new Circle(5.0); shape[2] = new Circle(1.0); shape[3] = new Rectange(3.0, 1.5); shape[4] = new Circle(0.0); for( int i = 0; i < 5; i++) cout<<"Area of shape "<GetArea()< f2) cout << "f1 is bigger" << endl; else cout << "f2 is bigger" << endl; } }}}参考程序：{{{#!cplusplus #include using namespace std; class Fraction { int num, denom; public: void normalize() { if(denom < 0) { denom = -denom; num = -num; } if(denom == 0) num = 0; else if(num == 0) denom = 1; else { for(int i = 2; i <= min(abs(num), denom);) if(num%i==0 && denom%i==0) { num /= i; denom /= i; } else { i++; } } } Fraction(int n, int d):num(n), denom(d){ normalize(); } Fraction(const Fraction &f):num(f.num), denom(f.denom){ normalize(); } Fraction operator+(Fraction a) { return Fraction(num*a.denom+denom*a.num, denom*a.denom); } Fraction operator-(Fraction a) { return Fraction(num*a.denom-denom*a.num, denom*a.denom); } Fraction operator*(Fraction a) { return Fraction(num*a.num, denom*a.denom); } Fraction operator/(Fraction a) { return Fraction(num*a.denom, denom*a.num); } Fraction operator-() { return Fraction(-num, denom); } bool operator==(Fraction f){ return (*this-f).num == 0; } bool operator>(Fraction f){ return (*this-f).num > 0; } bool operator<(Fraction f){ return (*this-f).num < 0; } friend ostream& operator<<(ostream &os, const Fraction &f) { return cout << f.num << "/" << f.denom; } }; int main() { Fraction f1(1, 8); Fraction f2(1, 4); cout << f1+f2 << endl; cout << f1-f2 << endl; cout << f1*f2 << endl; cout << f1/f2 << endl; cout << -f1 << endl; cout << (-4 %2==0) << endl; if(f1==f2) cout << "f1 and f2 are same "< f2) cout << "f1 is bigger" << endl; else cout << "f2 is bigger" << endl; } }}} = The end =