debian安装
事先在硬盘上准备一个未分区的空间,至少5G。最好先备份硬盘上的重要数据,或者使用完全空闲的硬盘。
下载debian安装光盘的镜像文件。完整版需要很多光盘。如果网络条件许可,使用网络安装版最方便:http://www.debian.org/distrib/netinst
将镜像刻录成光盘,使用这张光盘引导系统。引导后出来安装界面,安照提示一步一步完成即可。其中在选择apt源的时候,选择cn99的http服务器比较快。
详细安装过程参考debian安装手册 http://debian.linuxsir.org/book/d-i-manual/zh_CN/i386/zh_CN.i386.html/
ubuntu 安装
国内的ubuntu源
* Archive.ubuntu.com 更新服务器(欧洲): deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ feisty main restricted universe multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ feisty-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ feisty-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ feisty-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.org.cn/ubuntu-cn/ feisty main restricted universe multiverse * Ubuntu.cn99.com 更新服务器(江苏省常州市电信,推荐电信用户使用。): deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ feisty main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ feisty-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ feisty-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ feisty-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu-cn/ feisty main restricted universe multiverse * Mirror.lupaworld.com 更新服务器(浙江省杭州市电信,推荐电信用户使用。): deb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu/archive/ feisty main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu/archive/ feisty-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu/archive/ feisty-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu/archive/ feisty-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu/ubuntu-cn/ feisty main restricted universe multiverse * 上海市交通大学 更新服务器(教育网,推荐校园网和网通用户使用。): deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ feisty main multiverse restricted universe deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ feisty-backports main multiverse restricted universe deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ feisty-proposed main multiverse restricted universe deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ feisty-security main multiverse restricted universe deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ feisty-updates main multiverse restricted universe deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu-cn/ feisty main multiverse restricted universe * 北京市清华大学 更新服务器(教育网,推荐校园网和网通用户使用。): deb http://mirror.net9.org/ubuntu/ feisty main multiverse restricted universe deb http://mirror.net9.org/ubuntu/ feisty-backports main multiverse restricted universe deb http://mirror.net9.org/ubuntu/ feisty-proposed main multiverse restricted universe deb http://mirror.net9.org/ubuntu/ feisty-security main multiverse restricted universe deb http://mirror.net9.org/ubuntu/ feisty-updates main multiverse restricted universe deb http://mirror.net9.org/ubuntu-cn/ feisty main multiverse restricted universe * 中国 台湾省台湾大学 更新服务器(推荐网通用户使用,电信PING平均响应速度41MS。) deb http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ feisty main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ feisty-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ feisty-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ feisty-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu-cn/ feisty main multiverse restricted universe * Mirror.vmmatrix.net 更新服务器(上海市电信,推荐电信网通用户使用。): deb http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ubuntu/ feisty main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ubuntu/ feisty-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ubuntu/ feisty-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ubuntu/ feisty-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu-cn/ feisty main multiverse restricted universe
我的ubuntu的source.list
deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ feisty main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ feisty-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ feisty-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ feisty-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu-cn/ feisty main restricted universe multiverse
安装686版的内核代替386版的内核
apt-get install linux-686
ubuntu的优化: http://www.linuxsir.org/bbs/showthread.php?t=264885
安装java
apt-get install sun-java5-jdk apt-get install sun-java5-plugin update-alternatives --config java
配置java字体
wget http://paste.ubuntu.org.cn/d323 sudo mv /etc/java-1.5.0-sun/fontconfig.properties /etc/java-1.5.0-sun/fontconfig.properties.old sudo mv d323 /etc/java-1.5.0-sun/fontconfig.properties sudo chown root:root /etc/java-1.5.0-sun/fontconfig.properties
adsl拨号
使用pppoeconf配置拨号的属性
pppoeconf
使用pon进行拨号
pon dsl-provider
使用poff断开
poff dsl-provider
休眠
查看系统支持哪些模式
cat /sys/power/state
- suspend to disk(S4):
echo disk > /sys/power/state
- suspend to ram(S3):
echo mem > /sys/power/state
hp的笔记本从待机恢复后键盘鼠标失去响应的问题,可以在/etc/acpi/suspend.d中新建文件20-i8042-input.sh:
# Unbind the AT keyboard interface. if [ -f /sys/bus/platform/drivers/i8042/unbind ]; then echo -n "i8042" > /sys/bus/platform/drivers/i8042/unbind fi
在/etc/acpi/resume.d中新建文件80-i8042-input.sh:
# Rebind the AT keyboard interface. if [ -f /sys/bus/platform/drivers/i8042/bind ]; then echo -n "i8042" > /sys/bus/platform/drivers/i8042/bind fi