## page was renamed from Standard Library/B.04 Mathematical Functions: <math.h>
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== B.4 Mathematical Functions: <math.h> ==
The header <math.h> declares mathematical functions and macros.

The macros EDOM and ERANGE (found in <errno.h>) are non-zero integral constants that are used to signal domain and range errors for the functions; HUGE_VAL is a positive double value. A domain error occurs if an argument is outside the domain over which the function is defined. On a domain error, errno is set to EDOM; the return value is implementation-defined. A range error occurs if the result of the function cannot be represented as a double. If the result overflows, the function returns HUGE_VAL with the right sign, and errno is set to ERANGE. If the result underflows, the function returns zero; whether errno is set to ERANGE is implementation-defined.

In the following table, x and y are of type double, n is an int, and all functions return double. Angles for trigonometric functions are expressed in radians.
{{{
sin(x) 	sine of x
cos(x) 	cosine of x
tan(x) 	tangent of x
asin(x) 	sin-1(x) in range [-pi/2,pi/2], x in [-1,1].
acos(x) 	cos-1(x) in range [0,pi], x in [-1,1].
atan(x) 	tan-1(x) in range [-pi/2,pi/2].
atan2(y,x)	tan-1(y/x) in range [-pi,pi].
sinh(x) 	hyperbolic sine of x
cosh(x) 	hyperbolic cosine of x
tanh(x) 	hyperbolic tangent of x
exp(x) 	exponential function ex
log(x) 	natural logarithm ln(x), x>0.
log10(x) 	base 10 logarithm log10(x), x>0.
pow(x,y) 	xy. A domain error occurs if x=0 and y<=0, or if x<0 and y is not an integer.
sqrt(x) 	sqare root of x, x>=0.
ceil(x) 	smallest integer not less than x, as a double.
floor(x) 	largest integer not greater than x, as a double.
fabs(x) 	absolute value |x|
ldexp(x,n)	x*2n
frexp(x, int *ip)	splits x into a normalized fraction in the interval [1/2,1) which is returned, and a power of 2, which is stored in *exp. If x is zero, both parts of the result are zero.
modf(x, double *ip)	splits x into integral and fractional parts, each with the same sign as x. It stores the integral part in *ip, and returns the fractional part.
fmod(x,y)	floating-point remainder of x/y, with the same sign as x. If y is zero, the result is implementation-defined.
}}}